Abstract: Rural governance capability forms a critical foundation for the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas and is also a key component in the modernization of national governance capacity. A reexamination of the connotation of rural governance should encompass four main dimensions: the participation of diverse stakeholders, the balancing of multiple values, whole-process collaboration, and dynamic sustainability. This paper explores the ternary dialectical relationship among 'policy supply, rural governance, and rural construction', proposing core viewpoints such as policy as a means, construction as a vehicle, and governance as a capability. It is observed that the effectiveness of rural construction is closely correlated with the degree of policy alignment and rural governance capability. Taking rural governance as the starting point, this paper analyzes the achievements in rural construction in Yongmo Village, Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province, under the influence of policy supply since 2018, and responds to the theoretical framework from a case study perspective. Finally, it puts forward four policy optimization recommendations: focusing on policy supply in the area of property rights, strengthening policy guarantees for rural operations, establishing a dynamic policy response mechanism, and respecting the objective laws of village development.