Abstract: With the vigorous promotion of rural revitalization, the unique advantages of China's rural resources and the challenges facing rural development have become the focus of research. A comprehensive understanding of rural natural, social, and cultural resources, along with an assessment of the baseline conditions for sustainable rural development and the internal and external risks it faces, is a critical issue in current rural studies. Based on the construction of an evaluation index system for rural natural resource endowment and the level of rural revitalization, this study utilizes comprehensive evaluation and coupling analysis methods to explore the current status of village natural resources, the level of rural revitalization, and the adaptive characteristics between the two. The results indicate that villages categorized as characteristic-protected exhibit high levels of natural resource endowment and rural revitalization, with the adaptability level between these systems tending towards an initial coordinated state. Aggregation and enhancement-type villages generally possess moderate natural resource endowment and rural revitalization levels, with the overall adaptability tending towards a barely coordinated state. Conversely, villages designated for relocation and consolidation display poor natural resource endowment and rural revitalization levels, with the overall adaptability tending towards the brink of imbalance. Based on these findings, the villages are categorized into four groups: high adaptability, moderate adaptability, low adaptability, and extremely low adaptability. Targeted discussions on subsequent rural revitalization pathways are conducted, aiming to provide solutions for the exploitation and utilization of natural resources and the promotion of rural revitalization development.