Abstract: Ethnic minority villages are the result of the interaction between the unique culture, social relations of minority and the ecological environment. In the context of contemporary urbanization, minority villages have been affected by the impact of modern culture and commercialization, facing the challenges of weakening cultural characteristics, changing social relations, and deteriorating ecological environment. The integrity and organic nature of the cultural ecosystem has been damaged, which has become an urgent issue in the conservation and development of minority villages. From the perspective of cultural ecology, the paper analyzes the characteristics of Buzhang in Yunnan, a typical minority village, probes into the interaction of 'culture-society-ecology' and their influence on the spatial formation and development of the village. Furthermore, the conservation and development strategies of Buzhang Village are explored under the concept of cultural ecosystem. It is expected to provide references for the sustainable development of minority villages.