Research on the Canal System and Canal Settlements Distribution Characteristic in Wenshang Section of the Grand Canal
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摘要: 大运河作为历史上里程数最长、工程量最大的重点运河水利工程,发挥给水、防洪、漕运等功能,对沿线传统人居环境有至关重要的影响,与聚落营建智慧息息相关。大运河流经济宁汶上县,此地全线海拔最高、治水工程难度最大、水工设施最多、运河管理系统最复杂。明清时期,当地商贸经济繁荣,促使典型运河聚落形成。本文聚焦山东省济宁市汶上县,从解读汶上县水环境变迁和运河体系入手,通过地理信息数据统计,对运河聚落数量和定位做出判读。同时深度剖析历史文献资料,梳理运河聚落分布特征和发展脉络,发掘聚落成因的规律性。最后在可持续发展理念下探讨运河聚落发展建议,以期对大运河文化带和新型城镇化建设提供现实指导。Abstract: The Grand Canal, as the longest mileage and largest engineering key canal water conservancy project in history, plays the functions of water supply, flood control and canal transportation. It has a crucial impact on the traditional habitat along the route, and is closely related to the wisdom of settlement building. The Grand Canal flows through Wenshang County, Jining, which has the highest elevation, the most difficult water management project, the most hydraulic facilities and the most complicated canal management system. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the local trade and economy flourished, promoting the formation of typical canal settlements. Focusing on Wenshang County, this paper started from interpreting the changes of water environment and canal system in Wenshang County, and conducted geo-information data statistics to interpret the number and positioning of canal settlements. At the same time, this paper sort out canal settlement distribution characteristics and development lineage through in-depth analysis of historical documents, and summarized the regularity of the causes of the settlements. Finally, it discuss the development suggestions of canal settlements under the concept of sustainable development, with a view to providing realistic guidance for the construction of the Grand Canal cultural belt and new-type urbanization.
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