Inspiration of ‘Compact City’ to the Construction of Territorial Spatial Planning System: Experience of Compact City Construction from the Randstad and Hong Kong
-
摘要: 在国土空间规划体系重构的背景下,“紧凑城市”作为一种可持续的城市形态已经成为我国城市建设的重要目标。建设紧凑城市是从宏观到微观的系统性工程,涉及多尺度、多等级城镇的“紧凑”,体现为大中小城市和小城镇的综合组织的集合形态,但目前我国对于紧凑城市的探索和实践仍处在初级阶段。本文深入剖析荷兰兰斯塔德和中国香港两个地区建设紧凑城市的模式,比较高密度利用导向和混合化利用导向下紧凑模式的异同,总结相关经验,并从批判性角度分析紧凑城市可能引发的负面效应。最后,本文立足国土空间规划体系,以兼顾效率和公平的价值导向,从国土空间规划的编制、实施与监管、政策与技术保障等角度提出将紧凑城市理念融入到国土空间规划体系的路径,促进城乡关系协调发展。Abstract: In the context of the restructuring of territorial spatial planning system, ‘compact city’, as a sustainable urban form, becomes an important goal of urban form in China. However, the exploration and practice of compact city construction in China is still at the primary stage. This paper deeply analyzes the similarities and differences between high-density use oriented and mixed use oriented compact urban construction modes in the Randstad of Netherlands and Hong Kong of China, and analyzes the possible negative effects of compact cites from a critical perspective. Finally, based on the land and space planning system, this paper puts forward the path of integrating the compact city concept from the perspective of planning methods, implementation and supervision, policy and technical support, in order to build a harmonious urban-rural relationship.
-
Key words:
- compact city /
- territorial spatial planning /
- Randstad /
- Hong Kong
-
[1] 孙雪东.塑造以人为本的高品质国土空间[J].中国土地, 2019(1):21-25. [2] Gordon P, Richardson H.Are Compact Cities a Desirable Planning Goal?[J].Journal of the American Planning Association, 1997,63(1):95-106. [3] Anderson W, P S Kanaroglou, Miller E.Urban Form, Energy and the Environment:A Review of Issues, Evidence and Policy[J].Urban Studies,1996,33(1):7-35. [4] Ewing R.Is Los Angeles-Style Sprawl Desirable?[J].Journal of the American Planning Association.1997,63(1):107-126. [5] Burton E.Measuring Urban Compactness in UK Towns and Cities[J].Environment and Planning B:Planning and Design, 2002,29(2):219-250. [6] Sherlock H.Cities are Good for U.S.:The Case for High Densities, Friendly Streets, Local Shops and Public Transport[M].London:Paladin,1991. [7] Cadman D, Payne G.The Living City:Towards a Sustainable Future[M].London:Routledge,1990. [8] Urban Task Force.Towards an Urban Renaissance[R].London:E &FN Spon,1999. [9] Jacobs J.The Death and Life of Great American Cities[M].New York:Random House,1961. [10] Altes W K K.The Impact of Abolishing Social-housing Grants on the Compact-city Policy of Dutch Municipalities[J].Environment and Planning A,2007,39(6):1497-1512. [11] Turok I, V Mykhnenko.The Trajectories of European Cities,1960-2005[J].Cities,2007,24(3):165-182. [12] 香港规划署.香港2030+:宜居高密度城市的规划与设计[EB/OL].(2016-10-01)[2021-07-27].https://www.hk2030plus.hk/SC/document/Planning%20and%20Urban%20Design%20for%20a%20Liveable%20High-Density%20City_Chi.pdf. [13] MinisterievanVROM.Randstad2040[EB/OL].[2022-10-26].https://www.v3-ap.nl/samenvatting-structuurivise-randstad-2040%5B1%5D.pdf. [14] Planning Department HKSAR.Land Supply Considerations and Approaches[EB/OL].[2021-07-27].https://www.hk2030plus.hk/document/Land%20Supply%20Considerations%20and%20Approach_Eng.pdf. [15] 香港规划署.香港规划标准与准则[EB/OL].[2021-07-25].https://www.pland.gov.hk/pland_sc/tech_doc/hkpsg/index.html. [16] Hoppenbrouwer E, E Louw.Mixed-use Development:Theory and Practice in Amsterdam's Eastern Docklands[J].European Planning Studies, 2005,13(7):967-983. [17] Lau S Y, Zhang Q.Genesis of a Vertical City in Hong Kong[J].International Journal of High-Rise Buildings, 2015,4(2):17-125. [18] 郭巍, 侯晓蕾.高密度城市中心区的步行体系策略——以香港中环地区为例[J].中国园林,2011,27(8):42-45. [19] 解永庆.香港新市镇紧凑发展的经验与启示[J].城市发展研究,2014,21(7):100-106. [20] 郑德高, 董淑敏, 林辰辉.大城市"中密度"建设的必要性及管控策略[J].国际城市规划,2021,36(4):1-9. [21] Planning Department HKSAR.Technical Guide for Air Ventilation Assessment for Developments in Hong Kong[EB/OL].[2021-05-27].https://www.pland.gov.hk/pland_en/p_study/comp_s/avas/papers&reports/technical_guide.pdf.
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 87
- HTML全文浏览量: 1
- PDF下载量: 0
- 被引次数: 0